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| >> GLOSSARY OF TERMS |
| A |
| A.S.T.M. Abbreviation for American Society For Testing Material. An organization for issuing standard specifications on materials, including metals and alloys. |
| ACCORDION REED STEEL Hardened, tempered polished and blued or yellow flat steel with dressed edges. Carbon content about 1.00. Material has to possess good flatness, uniform hardness and high elasticity. |
| ACID-BRITTLENESS Brittleness resulting from pickling steel in acid; hydrogen, formed by the interaction between iron and acid, is partially absorbed by the metal, causing acid brittleness. |
| ACID-PROCESS A process of making steel, either Bessemer, open-hearth or electric, in which the furnace is lined with a siliceous refractory and for which low phosphorous pig iron is required as this element is not removed. |
| ACID-STEEL The term has no reference to the acidity of the steel. (See acid process.) |
| AGE HARDENING The term as applied to soft, or low carbon steels, relates to a wide variety of commercially important, slow, gradual changes that take place in properties of steels after the final treatment. These changes, which bring about a condition of increased hardness, elastic limit, and tensile strength with a consequent loss in ductility, occur during the period in which the steel is at normal temperatures. |
| AGING Spontaneous change in the physical properties of some metals, which occurs on standing, at atmospheric temperatures after final cold working or after a final heat treatment. Frequently synonymous with the term "Age-Hardening." |
| AIR COOLING Cooling of the heated metal, intermediate in rapidity between slow furnace cooling and quenching, in which the metal is permitted to stand in the open air. |
| AIR HARDENING STEEL Alloy steel which may be hardened by cooling in air from a temperature above the transformation range. Such steels attain their martenstic structure without going through the quenching process. Additions of chromium, nickel, molybdenum and manganese are effective toward this end. |
| AISI STEELS Steels of the American Iron and Steel Institute. Common and alloy steels have been numbered in a system essentially the same as the SAE. The AISI system is more elaborate than the SAE in that all numbers are preceded by letters: "A" represents basic open-hearth alloy steel, "B" acid Bessemer carbon steel, "C" basic open-hearth carbon steel, "CB" either acid Bessemer or basic open-hearth carbon steel, "E" electric furnace alloy steel. |
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