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| >> GLOSSARY OF TERMS |
| ANNEALING A heating and cooling operation implying usually a relatively slow cooling. Annealing is a comprehensive term. The process of such a heat treatment may be: to remove stresses; to induce softness: to alter ductility; toughness; electrical magnetic, or other physical properties; to refine the crystalline structure; to remove gases: to produce a definite micro-structure. In annealing, the temperature of the operation and the rate of cooling depend upon the material being heat treated and the purpose of the treatment. |
| ANODIZING (Aluminum Anodic Oxide Coating) - A process of coating aluminum by anodic treatment resulting in a thin film of aluminum oxide of extreme hardness. A wide variety of dye colored coatings are possible by impregnation in process. |
| ARTIFICIAL AGING An aging treatment above room temperature. See precipitation heat treatment and compare with natural aging. |
| AUSTEMPERING A trade name for a patented heat treating process that consists in quenching a ferrous alloy from a temperature above the transformation ranges, in a medium having a rate of beat abstraction sufficiently high to prevent the formation of high-temperature transformation products and in maintaining the alloy, until transformation is complete, at a temperature below that of pearlite formation and above that of martensite formation. |
| AUSTENITE Phase in certain steels, characterized as a solid solution, usually off carbon or iron carbide, in the gamma form of iron. Such steels are known as "austenitic," Austenite is stable only above 1333 ?F. in a plain carbon steel, but the presence of certain alloying elements, such as nickel and manganese, stabilizes the austenitic form, even at normal temperatures. |
| AUSTENITIC STEEL Steel which, because of the presence of alloying elements, such as manganese, nickel, chromium, etc., shows stability of Austenite at normal temperatures. |
| BAINITE A slender, needle-like (acicular) microstructure appearing in spring steel strip characterized by toughness and greater ductility than tempered Martensite. Bainite is a decomposition product of Austenite (see Austenite) best developed at interrupted holding temperatures below those forming fine pearlite and above those giving Martensite. |
| BAND SAW STEEL (WOOD) A hardened tempered bright published high carbon cold rolled spring steel strip produced especially for use in the manufacture of band saws for sawing wood, non ferrous metals, and plastics. Usually carries some nickel and with a Rockwell value of approximately C40/45. |
| BANDED STRUCTURE Appearance of a metal, under a microscope or viewed by the naked eye, on fractured or smoothed surfaces, with or without etching, showing parallel bands in the direction of rolling or working. |
| BARK Surface of metal, under the oxide-scale layer, resulting from heating in an oxidizing environment. In the case of steel, such bark always suffers from decarburization. |
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